The effect is similar to rainfall. In many places during the rainy season, there is flood in the rivers. Answer: Its main features were: Use of tube wells for irrigation. 3. However, there are also many other benefits of a drip irrigation system that are important to remember. The following are the two methods of irrigation: Sprinkler method- it is a method in which the water sprinkles on the crops as if it is raining. It is an easy and simple method of irrigation nowadays. Modern Irrigation Methods: (v) Sprinkler Irrigation Method: In present times, when water crisis is developing very fast everywhere, we should adopt improved techniques of irrigation to encourage suitable water management. Firstly as bumper crops are produced due to irrigation it makes country self-sufficient in food requirements. Many homes in Ontario prefer this method of irrigation based on those two reasons alone. This irrigation system, as the name suggests, involves watering the crops drip by drip. Sprinkler irription method is … Some of the benefits of the drip irrigation system are –, It helps in the conservation of water and reduces the cost of fertilisation. 2. The water supply to the crops grown at a regular interval is known as irrigation. Select the correct answer and click on the “Finish” buttonCheck your score and answers at the end of the quiz, Visit BYJU’S for all Biology related queries and study materials. Modern Techniques for Non-Programmed Decisions, Food Preservation Methods - Food Poisoning, Vedantu Test your Knowledge on Irrigation Methods! It’s too good thank you for helping me . Sprinkler irrigation is required in areas where a change in temperature of earth, environment, and humidity is seen. The water application is more frequent with this irrigation technique compared to other methods which result in high moisture levels in the soil. Direct effects. Roots of the plants do not grow well in dry soil. The continuous sprinkling of water improves the physical conditions and composition of the soil. The vertical wheel is attached with many ports at its edges which lift water from the well and drop it into a channel leading towards the field. To explore more Modern Methods of Irrigation, please download BYJU’s Learning App. The main pipeline is laid in the field. Modern methods are the irrigation methods which are efficient in supplying water to the crops. Basin and border irrigation – Both of these techniques involve water running through the soil. Economic Factors and Labour: While selecting any method of irrigation, the economic condition must be kept in mind as many irrigation methods require heavy initial investment but lesser investment later on. Give the list of modern methods of irrigation. Main & Advanced Repeaters, Vedantu The modern methods of irrigation under surface irrigation are furrow, basin and border. Man's first invention after he learned how to grow plants from seeds was probably a bucket. 1. 2. Not everyone who uses an irrigation system has all the facts and knowledge about irrigation. to explain its importance as a source of irrigation. Traditional irrigation method is characterized by low-input husbandry, whereas modern irrigation method is characterized by high-input husbandry. 23 Dec primitive methods of irrigation . Proper irrigation helps crops to develop quickly, which ensures higher returns for farmers. A sprinkler irrigation system requires sprinklers, laterals, mainlines, sub mainlines and pump unit. Low flow systems refer to micro spray, drip emitters, or drip lines.High flow systems are fixed spray, rotor, impact, bubbler, and soaker hose.Drip irrigation is preferable for most parts of the garden except lawns. Types of Irrigation Systems. The various traditional method of irrigation are. Watch Modern Methods of Irrigation in English from Improvement in Crop Yield and Environmental Chemistry and From Field to Plate here. Irrigation maintains moisture in the soil. Read this article to learn about the important methods of irrigation, i.e., (1) Surface Irrigation (2) Overhead or Sprinkler Irrigation (3) Drip or Trickle Irrigation. Since water is provided uniformly, crop growth is also consistent. The roots absorb the water and supply it to the plants. It is suitable for watering all types of soil except heavy clay. 3. Numerous subclasses exist within each of these basic methods. (ii) Briefly explain two reasons for perennial canals being a popular form of irrigation in the named states. These help us use water economically without wastage for agriculture. Thus, irrigation is a much more complicated process than just watering plants. (b) Give two main reasons why water scarcity occurs in India. Well, the whole process of irrigation is strictly controlled. It protects the crops from extreme frost or temperature. Irrigation protects against insufficient rainfall and drought. Sprinklers are differentiated based on the volume of water it can spray. Your email address will not be published. It covers near about 42% of total irrigated land. Furthermore, no water is wasted in this method. However, we will concentrate only on modern methods of irrigation for now. State any two features of modem farming method. What are two different methods of irrigation? Chemical fertilizers. Dependable and effective rainfall 57 5.3.3. These are as follows –. Any loss of water is avoided in the sprinkler … SURFACE IRRIGATION In surface irrigation systems, the land is filled completely with water. Weeds do not grow because the water reaches directly to the plants and do not spread anywhere on the field. Drip irrigation system. Inflow rate, soil infiltration, slope and shape of furrows and surface roughness    determine the speed of the water. Moisture is necessary for the germination of seeds. on the other hand, water is made to flow through ditches running through the ground with a drainage system at the end. 2. Problem of waterlogging is not present in this system. The irrigation system includes small diameter pipes with emitter or drippers that lie close to grounds, thereby providing water to the roots. The irrigation techniques that are extensively used nowadays are known as the modern methods of irrigation. Modern Irrigation Methods These are more efficient irrigation systems that were invented in recent decades. – in case of furrow irrigation, water is made to flow through shallow channels which are evenly spaced out and at a slope to the field. Name modern methods of irrigation under surface irrigation. What are the modern methods of irrigation? Modern irrigation systems use reservoirs, tanks, and wells to supply water for crops. Two different methods of irrigation are- modern methods that include sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation; traditional irrigation that includes manual irrigation where water is pulled out by the farmers … It is then sprayed into the air through sprinklers so that it breaks up into small water drops which fall to the ground. Examples of crops which are watered through this irrigation technique are cotton, onion, maize, wheat, gram, sunflower etc. factors that favoured establishment of Mwea Tabere irrigation scheme b) Give four problems associated with irrigation farming on R.Thiba & Nyamindi c) Explain three benefits of Mwea Tabere irrigation scheme d)i) Name two other irrigation schemes in Kenya apart from Mwea Tabere ii) State three benefits of rice farming 6. (c) (i) Well irrigation is still a popular means of irrigation because : It … Water reaches directly to the roots of the plants. ● Drip/trickle irrigation systems are methods of microirrigation wherein water is applied through emitters to the soil surface as drops or small streams. However, in basin irrigation, water is supplied to a field which may result in ponding for a while. At Vedantu, we have a team of well-versed experts to create the study materials. Canal irrigation is playing a vital role in Indian agriculture. Irrigation method 54 4.8.4. Crops require water at regular interval of time for proper growth and development. You can also access all of our course materials from Vedantu’s app as well. They help us to use water economically without wastage. Hence, flow of water under surface irrigation comes under unsteady flow. Farm machinery such as tractors, threshers, etc. Sprinkler irrigation is a method of applying irrigation water which is similar to natural rainfall. Answer: Differences: That is why irrigation is done before tilling. ESTIMATING IRRIGATION REQUIREMENTS 57 5.1. Irrigation is the artificial process of applying controlled amounts of water to land to assist in production of crops. When water flows through the pipes, it drips at the place of the roots of the plants. Repeaters, Vedantu When water supplies are adequate, irrigation can increase crop yield dramatically. Agriculture or farming is a very ancient occupation, and so are methods of irrigation. The modern methods of irrigation include: Sprinkler System; Drip System; Sprinkler Irrigation. Crop evapotranspiration 57 5.3.2. Modern method of irrigation - definition. There are several modern method of irrigation some of them are : ● Sprinkler irrigation is a method of irrigation in which water is sprayed, or sprinkled through the air in rain like drops. Click ‘Start Quiz’ to begin! 1)Moat (pulley system) 2)Chain pump. This supply of water to the crops at regular intervals is known as irrigation. These canals are found in W.B., Bihar, Orissa, etc. The farmer must determine the exact amount of water required by the crop. Irrigation is essential for the growth of the roots of the crop plants. The balance of groundwater is also maintained. 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Required fields are marked *. There are two main types of irrigation systems: low flow and high flow.Both can be utilized in one garden if needed. The modern methods of irrigation include – surface irrigation, drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, subsurface irrigation. These include – Surface irrigation, sprinkler, drip and subsurface. – Both of these techniques involve water running through the soil. (d) (i) Name any two methods of water harvesting in India. These techniques are typically less expensive than management strategies or system modifications. They are becoming popular because there is minimum loss of water and can irrigate fields throughout the year. Since the distribution of water is not regulated, surface irrigation is also known as flood irrigation. In this way crops like rice are able to … 1. Water is distributed through a system of pipes usually by pumping. There are three main types of irrigation systems: surface, overhead and drip (see Table 1). The environmental impacts of irrigation relate to the changes in quantity and quality of soil and water as a result of irrigation and the effects on natural and social conditions in river basins and downstream of an irrigation scheme. 4. You’ll learn all the above mentioned irrigation methods in details here. Importance of estimating irrigation requirements 57 5.3. In addition to watering the crops, irrigation also entails watering the lands before planting seeds to create a favourable habitat for crops. Pesticides. Field practices are techniques focused on keeping water in the field, distributing it more efficiently, or achieving better soil moisture retention. It is one of the most common methods of irrigation. The methods of irrigation can be divided into four main types. This irrigation technique can also be used to provide fertilisers to crops. Explain any two differences between physical capital and human capital. We can see evidence of different irrigation techniques employed by ancient civilisations which include irrigation canals, dams, water storage facilities, structures like aqueducts and the like. As a result it … Pro Lite, CBSE Previous Year Question Paper for Class 10, CBSE Previous Year Question Paper for Class 12. Canal irrigation system. Irrigation techniques. Narrow pipes with small holes are laid on the fields. 1. Some crops which require this type of irrigation are vegetables, cash crops, plantation, spices etc. Irrigation is defined as the carefully controlled process of watering agricultural crop through artificial means in order to facilitate their growth and development. Now you will see that we have mentioned the phrase ‘carefully controlled’ in the definition and are probably wondering what means. It is one of the most efficient modern irrigation techniques as it reduces runoff and water evaporation significantly. Vedantu academic counsellor will be calling you shortly for your Online Counselling session. Sprinkler method and drip irrigation method are the best from the view point of water conservation. Cultural practices 54 5. These modern irrigation techniques have been discussed in detail below –. Secondly as the irrigation water is taxed when it is supplied to the cultivators, it adds to the revenue. If you want to learn more about modern methods of irrigation or any other topic of biology, check our collection of study materials. Ancient people must have been strong from having to haul buckets full of water to pour on their first plants. Put your understanding of this concept to test by answering a few MCQs. Too little water will dry out the plants, whereas too much water may damage the root.  More sophisticated. Crop water requirements versus irrigation requirements 57 5.2. The modern methods of irrigation include: It is an easy and simple method of irrigation nowadays. Use of HYV seeds. 7. Water is provided to the fields by spraying water droplets, similar to rain, through pipes. Let us take a look at the two most important systems, the drip irrigation and the sprinkler. They are joined to perpendicular pipelines with rotating nozzles. This irrigation system is farther classified into three other types of modern methods of irrigation. Hence, it is also known as trickle irrigation method. ... Crops are irrigated by several methods: flooding an entire field, channeling water between rows of plants, spraying water through large sprinklers, or letting water drop onto plants through holes in pipes. They include drip irrigation and sprinkler system which require power from solar energy or biogas. This supply of water to the crops at regular intervals is known as irrigation. Now that you are aware of what are the methods of irrigation, you should also know about the importance of irrigation. Irrigation helps to grow agricultural crops, maintain landscapes, and revegetate disturbed soils in dry areas and during periods of less than average rainfall. on the other hand, water is made to flow through ditches running through the ground with a drainage system at the end. Pro Lite, Vedantu It is useful in areas where crop population per unit is high. However, in basin irrigation, water is supplied to a field which may result in ponding for a while. Newcomers will have a lot of questions about what irrigation method is right for them, and even seasoned farmers and gardeners can make mistakes from time to time. The impacts stem from the altered hydrological conditions caused by the installation and operation of the irrigation scheme. It reduces the use of water in agriculture. 4)Rahat (lever system) Traditional method of irrigation are cheaper but less efficient.Pumps are commonly used for lifting water.These pumps run by electricity,diesel,biogas or solar energy. This is the oldest method of irrigation using the power of blindfolded bullocks or other animals practiced in rural parts of the country. Varied quantities of water are allowed on the fields at different times. When traditional field practices fall short of expectations and the management strategies and systems modifications discussed below are out of reach, the field practices of dry-land farming a…

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