The first part, the Gylfaginning, or Beguiling of Gylfi, is an epitome of Odinic mythology, cast in the form of a dialogue between Gylfi, a legendary Swedish king, and the triune Odin. Finally, Vigfússon has shown that they exhibit occasionally a remarkable identity of phrase.[1]. In 1755-56 there appeared at Copenhagen a work of the greatest importance for the study of Scandinavian antiquities in England: Mallet’s Monumens de la Mythologie et de la Poesie des Celtes et Particulièrement des Aciens Scandinaves. Looks like you're using new Reddit on an old browser. The word “Edda,” as applied to the whole work, has long furnished scholars with material for disputation. So far as I can ascertain, the first translation into German was the work of Friedrich Rühs, Berlin, 1812. ANTHONY GILCHRIST BRODEUR, 1916. There is the Poetic Edda, which details a number of these stories in the original verse, and this, the Prose Edda, which translates these myths into prose (duh). He wrote a number of books, including one best known as the Prose Edda, which contains a great deal of Scandinavian mythological material. The disappearance of the manuscript which Snorri used is a great loss. The Gylfaginning deals with the creation and destruction of the world of the Norse gods, and many other aspects of Norse mythology. Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email. It certainly isn't the most readable, though. And so Snorri addresses himself to writing the first pragmatic history ever penned many Teutonic vernacular–the Heimskringla.”, The evidence for Snorri’s authorship of Heimskringla is not conclusive; but Vigfússon’s demonstration is accepted by most scholars. A careful and scholarly account of it by Eiríkr Magnússon[1] will be found in the introduction to the sixth volume of The Saga Library. Accurate beyond the manner of his age, gifted with genius for expression, divining the human personalities, the comic or tragic interplay of ambitions, passions, and destinies behind the mere chronicled events, he had almost ideal qualities as an historian. Not sure if it's the best, but I read the copies printed by forgotten books. That house is the best-made of any on earth, and the greatest; without and within, it is all like one piece of gold; men call it Gladsheim. 1 – Magnússon’s theory, with a summary of all others in the field, was presented in a paper read before the Viking Club on November 15, 1895, published in the Saga Book of that society, and separately printed at London in 1896. The Prose Edda by Snorri Sturluson, 1179?-1241; Brodeur, Arthur Gilchrist, 1888- tr. ... 5.0 out of 5 stars The Best Translation I've Read. I have Jesse Byock for the Prose Edda, which I enjoy, but unfortunately I have no other translation to compare it with. “Before Snorri’s time there existed only . Prose Edda. The second and third sections, Skáldskaparmál and Háttatal, offer the rules of composition, and drive them home by means of models drawn, in the one case, from acknowledged masters of the craft, in the other, by the example of a complete skaldic trilogy, the work of a man who was accepted by his own time as a worthy successor of Bragi, Kormákr, and Einarr. It was fortunate for me that these last two editions appeared before I began my work. The Prose Edda or Younger Edda: Commonly Ascribed to Snorri Sturluson Nordstedt and Sons 115 pages This translation is in ... RASMUS B. ANDERSON, 1880. en The Prose Edda contains extended information regarding the circumstances of Sleipnir's birth, and details that he is grey in color. The site may not work properly if you don't, If you do not update your browser, we suggest you visit, Press J to jump to the feed. Inthe beginning, before the heavenand the earth and the sea were created, the great abyss Ginungagap waswithout form and void, and the spirit of Fimbultyr moved upon the faceof the deep, until the ice-cold rivers, the Elivogs, flowing fromNiflheim, came in contact with the dazzling flames from Muspelheim. The questioner this time is one Ægir; and replies are made by the god Bragi, famed for eloquence and the gift of poetic expression. A French version of Gylfaginning, La Fascination de Gulfi, was published at Strassburg by F. G. Bergmann. Each of the works under consideration begins with a rationalization of the Odinic myths, and reveals an identity of attitude toward the ancient faith. GEORGE WEBB DASENT, 1842. Furthermore, the careful reader will be charmed with the sinewy style of both the Heimskringla and the Edda, and will be obliged to admit the close similarity between them in structure and in expression. English source for the Brodeur translation sections Prolgue to Skáldskaparmal and Abbreviations comes from Sacred-Texts.com. The Prose Edda of Snorri Sturlson Translated by Arthur Gilchrist Brodeur [1916] The Prose Edda is a text on Old Norse Poetics, written about 1200 by the Norwegian poet and politican Snorri Sturlson, who also wrote the Heimskringla. separate, disjointed biographical monographs on Norwegian kings, written on the model of the family sagas of Iceland. For the Poetic Edda, there are many more accepted translations. !. The third section of the Edda is the Háttatal, or Enumeration of Metres, and combines three separate songs of praise: one on King Hákon, a second on Skúli Bárdsson, the King’s father-in-law and most powerful vassal, and a third celebrating both. Cookies help us deliver our Services. YOUNG, 1954. The term "Edda" (; Old Norse Edda, plural Eddur) applies to the Old Norse Prose Edda and has been adapted to fit the collection of poems known as the Poetic Edda which lacks an original title.Both works were written down in Iceland during the 13th century in Icelandic, although they contain material from earlier traditional sources, reaching into the Viking Age. They made also a second hall: that was a shrine which the goddesses had, and it was a very fair house; men call it Vingólf. The standard Danish translation is that of R. Nyerup, Copenhagen, 1865. Snorri Sturluson was in the fullest sense a product of his time. Anthony Faulkes, Copenhagen 1985 (Early Icelandic Manuscripts in Facsimile XV). 1213 islandice conscripta per Snorronem Sturlæ, nunc prinium islandice, danice, et latine ex antiquis codicibus in lucem prodit opera p. J. Resenii. I would recommend reading the Byock translation of the Prose Edda first, then the Byock translation of The Volsunga Saga, then the Poetic Edda. These days, we have no excuses. Heathen , what does it mean ? Regard them as I have indicated at the beginning of this book.” The beginning of the book is a summary of the Biblical story of the Creation and Deluge, followed by a rationalized account of the rise of the ancient pagan faith, according to which the old gods appear, not as deities, but as men. I should, however, do injustice to those who have aided me, as well as to myself, if I did not assume full responsibility for the faults of the translation. Tacitus. Even the Prologue, which many scholars consider spurious, is an integral part of the work–a fact established by Snorri’s single address, in the character of the author, to beginners. This was entitled Edda islandorum an. ‘And most store,’ he says, ‘we set by that which said in such songs as were sung before the chiefs themselves or the sons of them; and we hold all that true which is found in these songs concerning their wayfarings and their battles.’ Of the written prose sources he drew upon he only mentions Ari the Learned’s ‘book,’ . Prose Edda, Heimskringla, and sagas. The perplexing story of Snorri’s life, told by his nephew, Sturla Thórdsson,[1] may well be omitted from this brief discussion. Iceland itself, in part through Norway, in part directly, drew from the life of the Continent: Sæmundr the Learned, who had studied in Paris, founded a school at Oddi; Sturla Sigvatsson, Snorri’s nephew, made a pilgrimage to Rome, and visited Germany; and Snorri himself shows, in the opening pages of his Heimskringla, or History of the Kings of Norway, the influence of that great romantic cycle, the Matter of Troy. If this was the motive underlying his self-abasement at the Norwegian court and his promises to Hákon, then weakness alone is sufficient to account for his failure; if he had no such purpose, he must be regarded as both weak and treacherous. Dr. Frederick W. Lieder, of Harvard University, deserves my thanks for his devoted assistance in reading proof, a task as dreary as it is essential. may be found in The Saga Library, vol. The Gylfaginning deals with the creation and destruction of the world of the Norse gods, and many other aspects of Norse mythology. Both edition and translation may be relied upon. But The Prose Edda could be a primer on the havoc one wreaks when one goes the cultural appropriation route and all readers and writers should take note. Dr. Henry Goddard Leach, my first instructor in Scandinavian literature, gave me my greatest single intellectual stimulus, and thereby determined the current of my work. The English translation chosen for the Poetic Edda is by Henry Adams Bellows, from a 1936 publication that is now in Public Domain. Bellows' Translation has been corrected where there have been clear issues with the numbering of stanzas and where the author has clearly strayed from the Old Norse original text. The Poetic Edda does have at least one Hungarian translation by Tandori Dezső, of which the main text is available online at MEK . A similarly incomplete English version was printed at Chicago, in 1880, by Rasmus B. Anderson. Gizurr, his murderer, proved to have been acting at the express order of the King. These three divisions, but for the evidence of the manuscripts, might seem to afford ground for assuming plural authorship. Too many times I have encountered translations of poetic works that try to do too many things for "poetic effect", or literal translation, whether Biblical, The Odyssey, The Iliad, or The Aenid, and all that accomplishes is making it more difficult to understand what exactly is happening in the story. “The materials at Snorri’s disposal,” says Magnusson,[2] “were: oral tradition; written genealogical records; old songs or narrative lays such as Thiodolf’s Tale[3] of the Ynglings and Eyvind’s Haloga Tale; poems of court poets, i.e., historic songs, which people knew by heart all from the days of Hairfair down to Snorri’s own time. It's debatable which of the two is better, but Andy Orchard's new translation and the slightly older one by Carolyne Larrington are among the best English versions for the Poetic Edda. JEAN I. --This is an excellent translation, available, containing all of the sections of Snorri's Edda and it is very inexpensive. The Prose Edda is Snorri Sturluson’s attempt to compile the myths of the Northern world and save the knowledge of how skaldic poetry is composed. Discerning that the course of life is determined by cause and effect, and that in the lives of kings widely ramified interests, national and dynastic, come into play, he conceived a new idea of saga-writing: the seed of cause sown in the preceding must yield its crop of effect in the succeeding reign. No greater error could be committed than to think of the Northern lands as cut off by barriers of distance, tongue, and custom from the heart of the Continent, and in consequence as countries where men’s thoughts and deeds were more unrestrained and uncivilized. WikiMatrix es La Edda prosaica contiene gran cantidad de información sobre las circunstancias del nacimiento de Sleipnir, asimismo indica que era de color gris. For those unaware, the Prose Edda consists of four books. Indefatigable in research, with an artist’s eye for the picturesque, a poet’s feeling for the dramatic and the human, he created the most vivid, vital histories that have yet been penned. We have the internet and e-mail, instant messenger, inter-library loans, and a whole host of other ways to obtain good, reliable , information. The Poetic Edda. Thor, also known as Tror, is said to have married the prophetess Sibyl (identified with Sif). The text is of interest to modern readers because it contains consistent narratives of many of the plot lines of Norse mythology. The Utrecht Manuscript of the Prose Edda, ed. This book is the holy grail of Norse literature. 1 – An excellent description and classification of the MSS. Samuel Laing’s translation is likewise incomplete. I would like to start by just reading the mythologies. Failure brought about his death, for Snorri, who had been a favorite at the Norwegian court, incurred the King’s suspicion after fifteen years had passed with no accomplishment; and daring to leave Norway against Hákon’s command, he fell under the royal displeasure. Gylfaginning, conceived in the true antiquarian spirit, supplies the mythological and legendary background which, in the Christian age that had superseded the vivid old heathen days, a young man might not know or might avoid. Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window), Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window), Helgakviða Hjörvarðssonar – The Lay of Helgi Hjörvardsson, Helgakviða Hundingsbana II – The Second Lay of Helgi the Hunding-Slayer, Sonatorrek – the irreparable loss of sons. A. Blackwell. Under the patronage of this ruler, Hákon Hákonarson, the great romances, notably those of Chrétien de Troyes, were translated into Norse, some of them passing over into Swedish, Danish, and Icelandic. The history of the Sturlung house, like that of Douglas in Scotland, is a long and perplexed chronicle of intrigue, treachery, and assassination, in all of which Snorri played an active part. From this point on, barely maintaining the fiction of the dialogue, Snorri makes his work a treatise on the conventional vocabulary and phraseology of skaldship, for the guidance of young skalds. 1 – See Sturlunga Saga, vol. This book, which comprised a general introduction on the ancient Scandinavian civilization, a translation of Gylfaginning, and a synopsis of Skáldskaparmál and Háttatal, was turned into English by Bishop Percy, under the title of Northern Antiquities. One passes from Gylfaginning to Skáldskaparmál with very little shock, in spite of the great difference in subject and treatment) which the author has attempted, rather skilfully, to modulate through a second dialogue. The English translation chosen for the Prose Edda is by Arthur Gilchrist Brodeur, from a 1916 publication that is now in Public Domain. Th… Snorri Sturluson. Karl Simrock’s Die Jüngere Edda, published in 1851 and reprinted in 1855, although incomplete, is more accurate than any earlier translation, and is remarkable for its literary excellence. Publication date 1916 Topics Mythology, Norse, Scalds and scaldic poetry Publisher New York, The American-Scandinavian Foundation Collection americana Digitizing sponsor Google Book from the collections of unknown library It is with relief that we turn to Snorri’s works, to find in them, at least, traces of genuine nobility of spirit. Blackwell’s translation, which stops with Bragarædur, had first appeared at London in 1847, together with an abstract of Eyrbyggia Saga by Scott. It is considered the fullest and most detailed source for modern knowledge of Norse mythology, the body of myths of the North Germanic peoples, and draws from a wid… The Prose Edda was essentially a way to make the Poetic Edda more accessible to the Icelanders, so it's important to get a grasp on that first, because even those at the mouth of the well had a hard time drinking. Yet it is well to remember that in his own lifetime, not his natural prose, but his artificial poetry was famous throughout the North. Now the Poetic Edda was ascribed by its earliest recorded possessor, Bishop Brynjólf Sveinsson, to Sæmundr; and while it is improbable that Sæmundr composed the poem, it is highly probable that it once formed part of his library at Oddi. . The Prose Edda (Brodeur Translation) Snorri STURLESON (1178 - 1241) , translated by Arthur Gilchrist BRODEUR (1888 - 1971) Also known as the Younger Edda or Snorri's Edda, the Prose Edda is a three-part work composed or at least compiled by thirteenth-century Icelandic scholar Snorri Sturluson. sister projects: Wikipedia article, Wikidata item. Reviewed in the United States on April 30, 2016. Even as England, France, and Germany acted and reacted upon one another in politics, in social growth, in art, and in literature, so all three acted upon Scandinavia, and felt the reaction of her influence. The great poetic tradition of pre-Christian Scandinavia is known to us almost exclusively though the Prose Edda, a collection of narrative literature, and its companion, the Poetic Edda. The name is not found as the heading of this part of the text in any early manuscript (R and W have large ornamental initials at 1/2, though The prologue to the Prose Edda euhemerises Thor as a prince of Troy, and the son of king Memnon by Troana, a daughter of Priam. lxxvi ff. The Bellows translation is free but certainly not the best. vi, Introductory, pp. Snorri was a great poet as well as a great writer, and he preferred an old-fashioned kind of poetry that made much use of the … But even as among the Douglases there was one who, however deep in treason and intrigue, yet loved learning and poetry, and was distinguished in each, so Snorri, involved by sordid political chicanery, found time not only to compose original verse which was admired by his contemporaries, but also to record the myths and legends, the history and poetry, of his race, in a prose that is one of the glories of the age. I consider myself an amateur history buff, but only on a few select topics. . The Prose Edda, also known as the Younger Edda, Snorri's Edda (Icelandic: Snorra Edda) or, historically, simply as Edda, is an Old Norse textbook written in Iceland during the early 13th century. In Norway, Sverrir Sigurdarson had swept away the old social order, and replaced it with one more highly centralized; had challenged the power of Rome without, and that of his own nobles within, like Henry II of England and Frederick Barbarossa. There Snorri may have learned to know it; and we may assume that he gave the prose edition the, name of its poetical original. i, Proleg. Read Book The Poetic Edda Illustrated Tolkiens Bookshelf 2 Volume 2original Old Norse verses, side by side with English translations. I have Jesse Byock for the Prose Edda, which I enjoy, but unfortunately I have no other translation to compare it with. iv, London, 1905. The Prose Edda contains a wide variety of lore which a Skald (poet) of the time would need to know. Edda to English. For Snorri’s sources consult pp. There are, to be sure, more or less–usually less–accurate translations into Scandinavian and into Latin. 2 – The Saga Library, edited by William Morris and Eiríkr Magnússon, vol. Classical Writers Mattingly, Harold tr. d., preface Eiríkr Magnússon, in the admirable biography to which I have referred, attempts to apologize for Snorri’s faults on the ground that be “really compares very favorably with the leading contemporary godar [chieftains] of the land.” It is true that he made no overt attempt to keep his treasonable promise to Norway, but I think it by no means certain that repentance stayed his hand. Poet he was too, though the codified rules, the cryptic phrase, and conventional expression, which indeed “bound” together the words of the singers of ancient Scandinavia, must spoil his verse for us. The Poetic Edda: The best translation: Dronke, Ursula. The different theories regarding it need not be re-stated here. [1] We may safely assume, apart from the general tendency of the external evidence, that one and the same author must have written the histories and the Prose Edda. The life of Snorri Sturluson fell in a great but contradictory age, when all that was noble and spiritual in men seemed to promise social regeneration, and when bloody crimes and sordid ambitions gave this hope the lie. . The limitations of an introduction do not permit an abstract of the discussion in this place. A second edition appeared in 1871. This contains a long historical introduction, and ends with the story of the Völsungs in Skáldskaparmál. It is a great satisfaction to acknowledge these debts, incurred in the course of a labor which has been my delight for several years. of Snorri Sturluson’s Edda (‘Treatise on poetry’; sometimes called the Prose Edda), coming in those manuscripts that include more than one part of the work between Gylfaginning and Háttatal. [1] Beginning with a rationalized account of the founding of Northern civilization by the ancient gods, he proceeds through heroic legend to the historical period, and follows the careers of his heroes on the throne, in Eastern courts and camps, or on forays in distant lands, from the earliest times to the reign of Sverrir, who came to the throne in 1184, five years after the author’s birth. Snorri’s was a more ambitious task. And by that I mean they are translated in a way so as to convey a whole passage accurately, but not necessarily word by word which can lead to some really crazy sentence structure and vocabulary. lxxiv-lxxvi. Gylfaginning, (either Tricking of Gylfi or Gylfi's empowerment) (c. 20,000 words), is the first part of Snorri Sturluson's Prose Edda after Prologue. Prose Edda (Translation) Snorri Sturluson. To vax or not to vax , thats the question !! Known also as the Younger Edda or Snorri's Edda is an Icelandic manual of poetics which contains many stories from Norse mythology. Free kindle book and epub digitized and proofread by Project Gutenberg. In 1842, G. W. Dasent, the translator of Njáls Saga, and a prominent scholar in the Scandinavian field, printed at Stockholm his Prose or Younger Edda, which contains a translation of Gylfaginning and of the narrative passages of Skáldskaparmál. The North, like England and the Continent, felt the religious fervor of the Crusades, passed from potential anarchy into union and national consciousness, experienced a literary and spiritual revival, and suffered the fury of persecution and of fratricidal war. vi; Heimskringla, vol. His interest in these wondrous things, like Scott’s love for the heroes, beliefs, and customs of the Scottish folk, was, I think, primarily antiquarian. /r/Norse is a subreddit for discussion of Norse and Viking history, mythology, art and culture. You can still see that these are poems and not prose, and there's tons of foot notes if you don't understand something or miss one of the Kennings. By using our Services or clicking I agree, you agree to our use of cookies. Until 1900, the best edition of Snorri’s Edda was by Thórleifr Jónsson, Copenhagen, 1875. lxxv ff. by rasmus b. anderson, ll. Henry Adam Bellow's is a very popular choice, from 1923 (Wikipedia) or 1936 (sacred-texts.org): http://www.sacred-texts.com/neu/poe/poe00.htm. Even in the excellent Arnamagnæan edition, many of the glosses are purely conjectural; and any attempt to convey into English a vocabulary which has no equivalent in our language must fail. The god relates several adventures of the Æsir of the same character as those recounted in Gylfaginning, and concludes with a myth concerning the origin of the poetic art. Northern Antiquities was published at London in 1770, and was reprinted at Edinburgh in 1809, with additions by Sir Walter Scott. They take a while to ship, but I think they have pdf files for free. After Sverrir’s death, an interregnum followed; but at last there came to the throne a monarch both powerful and enlightened, who extended the reforms of Sverrir, and having brought about unity and peace, quickened the intellectual life of Norway with the fructifying influence of French and English literary models. Whatever these may be, I trust that the book may perform some service in bringing before the English reading public a greater portion of Snorri’s classic treatise than has previously been accessible. The first translation of the Prose Edda was published at Copenhagen in 1665, when the complete text appeared, with Latin and Danish interpretation. The text is of Amazon.com: The Poetic Edda - Professor Jónsson provided me with an excellent text; and, second in value only to this, with an index and an invaluable Icelandic prose re-phrasing of the skaldic verses. Definitely ignore Larrington's translation (one of the more modern ones, from 1996). This last manuscript, and also the Arnamagnæan vellum No. The most scholarly rendering into German is by Hugo Gering, Leipzig, 1892, but unfortunately it includes only the narrative portions of the book. Not less than the rest of Europe, Scandinavia shared in the bitter conflict between the law of the spirit and the law of the members. Faulkes' translation of the Prose Edda is indeed the best and most reliable, aside from being complete. Chr. The son of a turbulent and ambitious chieftain, Sturla Thórdsson, of Hvamm in western Iceland, he was born to a heritage of strife and avarice. The Agricola and the Germania New York, Penguin Books, 1970. One poem that he mentions is lacking in the Poetic Edda as we know it: Heimdallargaldr, the Song or Incantation of Heimdallr; moreover, he makes seventeen citations from other poems which, although lost to us, evidently formed portions of the original Eddic collections, or belonged to the same traditional stock. His friends, his relatives, his very children, Snorri sacrificed to his insatiate ambition. Codex Trojectinus van de Snorra Edda, Leiden 1913, and Árni Björnsson, Snorra Edda, Reykjavík 1975; facsimile in Codex Trajectinus. “Do not lose sight of these splendid tales of the fathers,” Snorri, by implication, says to the youthful bard; “but remember always that these old legends are to be used to point a moral or adorn a tale, and not to be believed, or to be altered without authority of ancient skalds who knew them. It's debatable which of the two is better, but Andy Orchard's new translation and the slightly older one by Carolyne Larrington are among the best English versions for the Poetic Edda. Gylfaginning, or the Tricking of Gylfi, is the first part of Snorri Sturluson's Prose Edda. New comments cannot be posted and votes cannot be cast. To those who have helped me I wish to express my deepest appreciation. translated by Rasmus Björn Anderson. I realized recently that my knowledge of Norse culture and mythology is severely lacking compared to Greek, Roman, Hindu, etc, some of the other majors I've spent a lot of time and effort digesting. … I'm not looking for free, I'd pay a substantial amount of money for each if they are considered true to the original texts (within reason of course), but also "easy" to read. The Prose Edda is undoubtedly by Snorri. In this apostrophe he refers to the Prologue: “Remember, these tales are to be used only as Chief Skalds have used them, and must be revered as ancient tradition, but are neither to be believed nor to be tampered with. 748, which preserves a portion of the text, testify unmistakably to Snorri’s authorship; the Codex even gives, in detail, the subjects of the three divisions of the book. This was superseded by Finnur Jónsson’s splendid Danish edition. The later "Younger" or Prose Edda, gathered or transcribed by Snorri Sturluson in about 1220 CE, is the other such source, largely drawing on and even directly quoting from the poetic material of the Elder Edda.

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